硅酸盐黏土矿物在抗菌方面研究进展

硅酸盐黏土矿物独特的化学组成成分、微观形貌结构以及物理化学特性影响其在抗菌方面的应用。化学组成成分中部分抗菌元素可通过化学渗透作用于细菌细胞内及细胞质产生抗菌效果,表面电荷调节可增强硅酸盐黏土矿物与细菌表界面作用且达到抗菌药剂控释要求,特殊形貌特征可用于装载纳米抗菌剂提高抗菌稳定性并降低生物毒副作用,构建稳定、优异且长效的抗菌复合材料。本文综述探究了硅酸盐黏土矿物的化学渗透及物理吸附两种抗菌机理,硅酸盐黏土矿物基复合抗菌材料的协同作用机制及其抗菌制品示例,探讨硅酸盐黏土矿物在抗菌复合材料工业化应用中的可行性。

Research Progress of Silicate Clay Minerals in Antibacterial Applications

Silicate clay minerals possess unique chemistry compositions, micro morphology structures, and physicochemical properties, which make them useful in a broad application in antibacterial fields. Through chemosmosis, some antibacterial elements in silicate clay minerals can directly react with the cell membrane and cytoplasm. By controllable adjustment of the surface charge, silicate clay minerals can be adsorbed to the surface of the bacteria and release the antibacterial agents with controllable amount. The micro morphology structures enable silicate clay minerals to serve as a matrix to load the antibacterial inorganic and organic materials, which can improve the antibacterial effects and undermine the bio-toxicity to prepare the antibacterial nanocomposites with high stability, strong and durable antibacterial effect. The two antibacterial mechanisms of silicate clay minerals including chemiosmosis and physical absorption were reviewed in this paper, the synergistic effects and antibacterial product applications of antibacterial nanocomposites based on silicate clay minerals were further discussed to explore the feasibility of silicate clay minerals in industrial applications of the antibacterial fields.