铀的腐蚀与防腐蚀技术研究

铀是一种非常重要的战略核能源材料,核能技术的和平利用扩大了铀材料的应用领域.纯铀又是化学活性极强的材料,裸露的纯铀在大气中放置很短的时间就会在其表面产生氧化和腐蚀,这对材料的使用和存储带来危害.因此,对铀材必须实行表层保护或整体合金化才能增强其抗腐蚀效果,从而达到预防铀的老化和延长其存储期的目的.从铀材料的应用对抗腐蚀性能要求出发,重点论述了铀的腐蚀行为、不同温度和湿度下铀的氧化反应规律以及对其研究的历史和现状等.综合评述了铀的防腐涂层方法的研究(铀的整体合金化、表面涂层技术、利用化学反应制备保护层、离子注入保护和激光表面改性等5个方面).

Study on Surface Corrosion and Anti-corrosion Methods of Uranium

Uranium is an important material in the field of nuclear energy.The range of application of uranium has been expanded because it can be used for the peaceful purposes.It's chemical property is very active,and pure ura- nium exposed in air will be oxided and corroded in a short time,this is harmful for it's use and storage.We must take shielding measures on uranium surface or alloying in order to prevent its aging and prolong the period of validity.This peper mainly discusses corrosion behaviors and laws of oxidation reactions of uranium under different temperatures and humidity,describes five methods of anti-corrosion,including alloying,coating on uranium surface,shielding layers of chemical reaction,ion injection and surface transformation by laser.