麦秸/木材均质复合无机碎料板的制备及其性能

以麦秸、木材和环保阻燃无机胶黏剂为主要原料,通过麦秸和木材碎料均匀混合的方式,采用热压工艺制备麦秸/木材均质复合无机碎料板,研究了麦秸与木材的配比、施胶量、热压时间和热压温度对板材性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜分析了其对板材性能的影响机制。结果表明,随着麦秸与木材配比减小,板材静曲强度(MOR)、弹性模量(MOE)和内结合强度(IB)逐渐增大,2h吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)逐渐减小,优选配比为m(麦秸)∶m(木材)=4∶6。随着施胶量的增大,板材的MOR、MOE先增大后减小,IB逐渐增大,TS逐渐减小。施胶量为63%时,板材的MOR、MOE分别达到最大值15.5 MPa、3 110 MPa,此时,IB、TS分别为0.47 MPa、5.5%。随着热压温度的升高和热压时间的延长,板材的MOR、MOE、IB逐渐增大,TS逐渐减小。热压温度和热压时间分别为100℃、30min时,MOR、MOE、IB分别达到最大值(16.8 MPa、3 350 MPa、0.56 MPa),TS达到最小值(3.5%)。优化制板工艺为m(麦秸)∶m(木材)=4∶6,施胶量63%,热压时间30min,热压温度100℃。

Preparation and Properties of Inorganic Particleboard with a Uniform Mixture of Wheat Straw and Wood

With wheat straw,wood and environmentally friendly and flame retardant inorganic adhesive as major raw materials,inorganic particleboard with a uniform mixture of wheat straw and wood was manufactured by hot-pressing technology.The effect of wheat straw-wood ratio,adhesive consumption,hot-pressing time and hot-pressing temperature on physical and mechanical properties of the board was studied,and influencing mechanism of them on the board's properties was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results showed that modulus of rupture (MOR),modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bond strength (IB) of the board gradually increased while thickness swelling (TS) of that gradually decreased with declining wheat straw-wood ratio;optimal ratio was 4:6.With increase of adhesive consumption,MOR and MOE firstly increased and then decreased,meanwhile,IB increased gradually and TS decreased gradually;MOR and MOE reached the maximum as 15.5 MPa and 3 110 MPa respectively when adhesive consumption was 63％,IB and TS was 0.47 MPa and 5.5％ at this point.MOR,MOE and IB gradually increased while TS gradually decreased with increase of bot-pressing temperature and bot-pressing time;MOR,MOE and IB reached the maximum as 16.8 MPa,3 350 MPa and 0.56 MPa,while the TS reached the minimum as 3.5％ with hotpressing temperature of 100 ℃ and hot-pressing time of 30 min.Optimal process was as follows:wheat straw-wood ratio of 4:6,adhesive consumption of 63％,hot-pressing time of 30 min and hot-pressing temperature of 100 ℃.