框剪结构高楼纵向倾倒拆除爆破研究

我国目前用爆破法拆除的高层楼房主要是框剪结构。根据同一楼房中框架部分与剪力墙部分的相对位置、倒塌方向选择、前后段起爆时差,对框剪结构楼房爆破效果的影响等进行了分析,给出了楼房爆破切口倾角(闭合角)的经验数据、理论计算方法及确保楼房倒塌的判据,指出了楼房沿其纵向倒塌的难度远大于横向倒塌,并以靖江金都大厦的爆破为例,详细介绍了楼房沿其纵向倾倒时的爆破方案确定、预处理方法、爆破切口要素、立柱的爆破破坏高度、药孔参数、爆破参数、起爆网路等。靖江金都大厦为框剪结构的11层高楼,因环境限制,需要沿其不利于倒塌的纵向倾倒,而剪力墙结构却位于高楼的纵向两端,对该大楼的倒塌带来极大难度,通过精心设计其爆破方案,优化爆破参数,并采取严格的安全技术措施,完全达到了预期的爆破效果。

Blasting Study on the Lengthwise Collapse of a Tall Building with a Frame Shear Wall Structure

The high-rise buildings which have so far been demolished by blasting in China are primarily frame shear wall structure. According to the relative position of the frame parts of the same building with shear wall portion, collapse direction options and delay time difference between succeeding initiations, empirical data of inclination angle （ closing angle） for the blasting cuts, theoretical calculation methods, and criteria for reliable collapse were presented. The conclu- sion, that the building would collapse along its longitudinal much more difficult than the lateral collapse, was pointed out. Blasting scheme, pretreatment, essential elements of blasting cuts, blasted heights of columns, borehole parameters, blasting parameters and initiation circuit network of explosive demolition of Jindu Mansion in Jingjiang City with the longitudinal collapse were introduced. Jindu Mansion, a l 1-storey building with frame-shear wall structure, must be collapsed longitudinal because of its surroundings constraints, a direction which is adverse to making the building collapse. Moreover, at each end of its longitudinal direction there was a frame-shear wall structure, which made the longitudinal collapse even more difficult. Anticipated demolition results are achieved by making a good design, optimizing blasting parameters, and taking strict technical safetv measures.