基于爆炸现场破坏分析的TNT当量快速估算方法研究

综合多年一线反恐经验,针对自制爆炸装置的TNT当量估算展开研究。一方面,根据现场勘查得到的冲击波超压对人体的杀伤程度,并参考炸点位置和地质强度,计算得到爆炸物的TNT当量;另一方面,分析了在不同环境下(空气中、软性地面、硬性地面)爆炸后形成的冲击波超压△pm的计算公式,同时结合冲击波对现场的破坏程度,计算得到爆炸装置的TNT当量。最后,可由TNT当量以及现场判定的炸药类型换算得到自制爆炸装置的装药质量。该方法成功地在多次案例分析中得以运用推广。研究成果对于勘察已爆现场、侦破涉爆案件、指导公安反恐防爆工作具有重大意义。

Fast Estimation Method of TNT Equivalent Based on Onsite Damage Analysis

TNT equivalent estimation of the self-made explosive device was studied combining years of experience in counter-terrorism.TNT equivalent of explosives was calculated according to damage degree caused by shock wave overpres-sure,blasting location and its geological strength.Calculating formula for shock wave overpressure△pmwas analyzed in re-gard to different environments(air,soft ground or hard ground).At same time,TNT equivalent of the explosive device was calculated combining the damage degree of the shock wave to the explosion site.Finally,charge quality of the self-made ex-plosive device could be obtained by the conversion of TNT equivalent and explosive type determined on the spot.This meth-od has been successfully applied in many case analyses.The research results are of great significance to investigation at the detonating scene,detection of the explosion involved cases,and guidance to the anti-terrorist and anti-explosion for public security.