不锈钢网表面润湿性的调控及其油水分离性能

采用简单的化学刻蚀法在 304 不锈钢网上构造微纳米粗糙结构,随后通过自组装技术将不同链长的脂肪酸装饰到粗糙表面,可制备出具有可控润湿性的网膜;利用接触角测量仪对表面润湿性进行测量,利用原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对网膜表面的形貌和成分进行表征分析,根据长链脂肪酸改性后的超疏水超亲油特性测试油水分离性能以及重复利用性。 结果表明:不锈钢滤网表面呈现二维微纳米粗糙结构,并形成有序碳链薄膜。 通过调节脂肪酸的链长可实现亲水到超疏水的转变,接触角范围为 45° ~ 153°;油滴迅速在网膜上渗透,接触角始终为 0°。 链长越长的脂肪酸疏水亲油效果越明显,油水分离效率越高,最高达到 96%;经重复油水分离 50 次测试后,其油水分离效率仍能达到 80%以上。

Manipulation of Surface Wettability on Stainless Steel Mesh and Its Oil-Water Separation Performance

A simple chemical etching method was used to construct a micro-nano rough structure on a 304 stainless steel mesh, and then a self-assembly technique was used to decorate fatty acids with different chain length on the rough surface to control wet- tability. Atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and contact angle measuring instrument were used to characterize and analyze the morphology, composition, and wettability of the surface. Also the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic properties of modified long-chain fatty acids were tested for oil-water separation perform- ance and reusability. The results show that the surface has two-dimensional micro-nano rough structure with ordered carbon chain, and the change from hydrophilic to super-hydrophobic is achieved by adjusting the chain length of the fatty acids, with a contact angle ranging from 45° to 153°. The oil drops quickly penetrate the mesh surface, and the oil contact angle is always 0°. The longer the chain length of the fatty acids, the more the hydrophobic and oleophilic effect of the mesh surface, and the higher the oil-water separation efficiency (up to 96%). After 50 repeated oil-water separation tests, the oil-water separation efficiency is more than 80%.