水压圆周缝隙流动特性的仿真研究

对水压圆周缝隙的流动特性进行了比较全面的仿真研究，根据圆周缝隙在不同的几何条件以及边界条件下的流线、速度、压力以及气穴分布图，研究了其流线和气穴的变化特征，着重探讨了系统压力、圆周缝隙的叠合长度和阀芯倒角等参数对阀口流动特性变化规律的影响。仿真结果表明：随着阀芯和阀套的叠合长度增大，阀口的入射角会变小，气体体积最高比值有所下降；阀口倒角之后，流量会明屁增大，出口压力会有轻微下降，出口处气体的含量会有所上升，在圆周缝隙出口处有发生气穴的趋势；进口压力越火，圆周缝隙出口处气穴也越严重。这些结论对水压元件的设计具有直接的指导作用。

Simulation Research on Flow Characteristics of Circumferenctial Gap Damper in Water Hydraulics

Simulation research on circumferenetial gap damper was performed for water hydraulics. The distribution figures of flow line, velocity, pressure, and vapor volume distribution in the whole flow field were obtained, variety features of the flow line and vapor volume were studied, and the effects of system pressure, overlap length between spool and sleeve, and the inlet chamfer of spool on the flow characteristics were investigated. Simulation results indicate, with the increasing overlap length the incidence angle and the maximum ratio of vapor volume are decreased, and then the possibility of cavitation occures at the exit of the circumferenctial gap damper. The larger the pressure is the severer the cavitation is at the exit of the circumferenctial gap damper. Those research results have directly guidance effect on the design of water hydraulic components.