丝材电弧增材制造技术研究现状及展望

丝材电弧增材制造技术因其成形速度快、成形件尺寸灵活等优点受到越来越多的关注,尤其是大尺寸、复杂形状构件的高效快速成形,丝材电弧增材制造有着其独特的优势。介绍了丝材电弧增材制造技术的工艺过程,从丝材电弧增材制造成形件的成形工艺及表面质量研究、成形件组织性能研究以及成形件残余应力研究三个方面综述国内外丝材电弧增材制造技术的研究现状,总结该技术现阶段在航空航天领域的应用情况,指出研究人员对丝材电弧增材制造技术的相关研究工作聚焦于工艺优化和过程控制两个方向,怎样才能通过熔滴的平稳过渡获得高质量的成形件,如何有效控制逐层堆积过程中晶粒及显微组织变化,以抑制零件内部不良组织的产生是需要继续研究的问题。

Status and development prospects of the wire arc additive manufacture technology

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology has received increasing attention because of its high forming speed,flexible forming size,in particular,the large-size complex shape of the efficient shape of the rapid molding,wire and arc material has its unique advantages This paper introduced the technology of WAAM,reviewed the current research situation both at home and abroad from forming process and surface quality of the forming material,the microstructure and properties of the forming part and the residual stress of the forming part three aspects,and then summarized its application in the aerospace field,pointed out that present research work of WAAM mainly focused on the process optimization and process control.How to get the high quality parts by means of smoothly transfer of droplet,how to prevent the abnormal microstructure by means of controlling the grain size and microstructure transformation during the accumulating process step by step are the problems to be solved.The microstructure of the nugget zone is lath martensite and bainite,and the microstructure of the heat affected zone is fine martensite.