箱形容器圆形法兰-板壳结构的焊接变形及控制

箱形容器圆形法兰-板壳结构作为典型的具有封闭焊缝的焊接结构，对其焊接变形特征、机理和控制措施进行研究. 结果表明，焊后法兰圆周各区域产生不同程度的内凹塌陷变形. 环形角焊缝角变形趋势下的壁板近缝环形区域的倾斜变形是塌陷变形的直接原因，而环形角焊缝焊后的周向收缩促使壁板环形区域进一步倾斜下榻导致其上法兰的下榻及失稳内凹变形. 在环焊缝下方的低刚度壁板内侧设置紧密接触的、足够尺寸的环形临时补强板的变形控制措施，可使圆形法兰-板壳结构焊后法兰下榻位移和圆度较原始值下降60%，焊接变形得到有效控制.

Welding deformation and control of box-shaped container circular flange-plate-shell structure

As a typical box-shaped container circular flange-plate-shell structure which has a closed weld, the welding deformation characteristics, deformation mechanism and control measures are studied. The actual test and finite element results show that the flange circumference area produces different degrees of inward deflection and collapse-deformation after welding. Under the trend of angular deformation of circular fillet weld, the inclination deformation of the panel near the annular weld area is the direct cause of collapse-deformation, and further collapse-deformation in the annular area of the panel caused by circumferential contraction of annular fillet weld after welding results in inwards deflective and unstable deformation and collapse-deformation of the flange. The deformation control measures with setting the close contact and enough size of the ring temporary reinforcement plate on the inside of the low stiffness panel below the circumferential weld can reduce the collapse-deformation and roundness of flange after welding by 60% compared with the original data, welding deformation is effectively controlled.