堆焊金属残余应力场的计算机模拟

采用60CrMnMo钢为基体材料，用AST型X射线应力分析仪对堆焊残余应力场进行了测定。发现在堆焊金属中心部位和熔合区附近的热影响区出现了两个残余拉应力峰值。用ANSYS计算软件，模拟了堆焊过程中温度场和残余应力场的分布，在模拟中考虑了马氏体相变、杨氏模量与其它参数对计算结果的影响，并将计算值与残余应力场的测量值进行了比较。结果表明，残余应力场的计算结果与实测结果吻合较好，说明本文建立的有限元计算模型是有效的。采用这一模型，模拟了不同试样尺寸对堆焊金属残余应力场分布的影响。计算结果表明，随着试样尺寸的增大，残余应力峰值增大，且峰值益发生变化。

Computer Simulation of Residual Stress Field of Hardfacing Metal and Effect of Specimen Dimension

The distribution of the temperature and stress fields during hardfacing have been measured and simulated with steel 60CrMnMo by means of a X ray diffraction analyzer and a software of ANSYS in this paper.The measured results show that there are two peaks of residual tension stress in the center and heat affected zone of hardfacing metal. Meanwhile,the calculated result of residual stress was compared with the measured one,which prove that the Finite Element method is effective.By using this method,the influence of different dimensions of this specimen on residual stress distribution was simulated.The calculated results show that with the increasing of the specimen dimension,the peak values of residual stress are increased and theirs positions are changed as well.