辐照对金属腐蚀的影响

电离辐射能够改变电极过程的性质,並能破坏其动力学的平衡。本文研究了辐照对铝在含铜、氯离子溶液中点腐蚀的影响。结果表明,辐照可以减缓点腐蚀和加速均匀腐蚀;如果严格控制水质,可以显著地降低辐照的有害作用。同时,还研究了各种辐射对金属偶腐蚀的影响,测定了极化曲线和随时间变化的腐蚀电流,实验证实,重辐射和轻辐射都能加速金属偶的电化学过程。最后,讨论了辐照腐蚀的机理,提出了辐射电化学的半导体效应。

The Effect of Radiation Exposure on Metal Corrosion

Ionizing radiation can affect the characteristics of the electrode processes and disturb their kinetic equilibria. The effect of radiation on pitting corrosion of aluminium in solutions with cupric and chloride ions are studied. It is shown that pitting corrosion is inhibited as a result of radiation exposure while general corrosion is enhanced, and that the harmful effect of radiation expo sure on metal corrosion will be remarkably decreased if the water quality is restricted. The effects of various kinds of radiation on galvanic corrosion due to metal couples are also studied. Polarization curves and corrosion currents versus time are determined for these couples. The experiments show that both heavy and light radiation accelerate the electrochemical processes of galvanic corrosion due to metal couples, A tentative mechanism of radiation corrosion is presented.