飞机交点孔镗孔精加工自动调刀技术

针对飞机交点孔镗孔加工中手动调刀效率低、出错风险高等问题,设计了一种自动调刀机构及其调刀控制系统。采用伺服电机驱动调刀机构内部传动系统来实现镗刀的精确偏移,进而完成系统的自动调刀。通过调刀量在线输入和离线规划两种控制模式完成自动调刀,有效地提高调刀效率并降低出错风险。此外,基于伺服电机角度传感器反馈信号、机械传动误差分布规律检测,实现了调刀精度的半闭环补偿控制,有效地提高了调刀精度。最后,设计试验并进行了镗孔自动调刀加工试验验证,结果表明所设计的自动调刀系统其孔径加工误差不超过+0.015 mm,加工结果能够满足飞机交点孔精度要求,且提高了调刀效率,降低了调刀出错风险。

Automatic Tool Adjustment in the Finish Machining of Aircraft Intersection Boring

An automatic tool adjustment mechanism and its control system were designed for solving the problem of low efficiency and high risk of error in the process of aircraft intersection boring.The servo motor was used to drive the internal transmission system of the tool adjusting mechanism,so as to realize the precise offset of the boring tool,and then complete the automatic tool adjusting of the system.automatic tool adjustment could be realized by two control modes of online input and offline planning of tool adjustment,which can effectively improve the efficiency of tool adjustment and reduce the risk of error.In addition,based on the feedback signal of the angle sensor of the servo motor and the detection of the distribution law of the mechanical transmission error,the semi closed-loop compensation control of the tool adjustment accuracy is realized,which effectively improves the tool adjustment accuracy.Finally,the experiment is designed and verified.The results show that the machining results could meet the requirements of the accuracy of the intersection hole of the aircraft,and improve the efficiency of the tool adjustment and reduce the risk of tool adjustment error.