三维热耦合刚粘塑性有限元数值模拟技术的开发和应用

刚塑性有限元法是模拟热塑性变形的有效手段。本文介绍了可在工作站和微机上运行的三维热刚粘塑性有限元软件及其功能与特色，讨论了软件主要的理论依据和微机化过程。该软件可以进行加热和冷却过程中的温度场模拟，高温下金属塑性成形的速度场和温度场（包括上、下模具）的耦合计算、非稳态塑性成形过程分析；还可模拟和预测金属在热加工中的再结晶过程和内部组织的变化规律。应用所开发的软件，对中心压实法、高温镦粗、拔长、扩孔等三维锻造工艺进行了数值模拟。文章最后实验测定了ＪＴＳ锻造工艺的温度场和三维镦粗试件的晶粒度分布，实验值与模拟值的对比结果表明，数值模拟的结果是可靠的。

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL THERMO - COUPLED RIGID VISCOPLASTIC FINITE ELEMENT AND APPLICATION TO METAL FORMING PROCESSES

he rigid-plastic finite element analysis is an efficient approach widely used in the study on metal forming processes. A thermo-coupled rigid viscoplastic finite element software is developed for workstation and microcomputer,and the involved theoretical formulas are presented in this paper. The function of the code includes:calculation of heating and cooling,coupled analysis of heat conduction and plastic deformation,and simulation of microstructure evolution of deformed materials as well. Several 3-dimensional nonisothermal metal forming processes such as JTS forging process,hot upsetting,and mandrel forging process are simulated:Meanwhile,experiments of JTS forging and hot upsetting are conducted,which indicate that the tested data agree well with simualted results and the validity of the software is justified.