铒对工业纯铝显微组织和性能的影响

采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、万能材料试验机等仪器,研究了稀土元素铒Er对工业纯铝显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明,在铸态组织中,除少量Er过饱和固溶于α-Al,其余以第二相的形式存在于晶界处。析出在晶界处的第二相存在两种形态:颗粒状和长条状。颗粒状的AlFeSiEr第二相含有较多的Er,长条状的AlFeSiEr第二相中的Er含量较少。在拉拔态组织中,Al-Er合金中的第二相多以颗粒状形式存在,而工业纯铝中的第二相还存在短棒状的第二相。对工业纯铝进行Er微合金化后,提高了硬铝导线的耐热性。其耐热性的提高是固溶Er阻碍位错和亚晶界迁移所致。

Influence of Erbium on the Microstructure and Properties of Industrial Purity Aluminum

The influence of rare earth element erbium on the microstructure and properties of industrial purity aluminum is studied by SEM, EDS and universal testing machine etc. The experimental results show that except a little amount of Er dissolve into α-Al of supersaturation in cast structure, the others exist in second phase at aluminum grain boundary. The second phase exists in particle-like or strip-like in Al-Er alloy. Particle-like AlFeSiEr phase contains more amount of Er and strip-like AlFeSiEr phase contains less amount of Er. After cold drawing, the second phase appears as granular in Al-Er alloy, while granular and stick-like second phases exist in industrial purity aluminum. After Er micro alloying on industrial pure aluminum, the heat resistance of aluminum alloy is improved, which is caused by the solid solution Er atoms to hinder migration of dislocations and sub-grain boundary.