水性集装箱涂料应用现状及研究进展

总结了水性集装箱涂料在国内外的应用现状和最新研究进展，指出随着人们环保意识的不断增强，国际社会对集装箱用涂料在环保方面提出了更高要求，集装箱涂料水性化成为一种必然，且实践证明集装箱涂料水性化是可行的。水性集装箱涂料具有环保、安全的优点，今后必然在集装箱涂料应用领域中产生变革性的影响。对不同体系集装箱涂料的膜厚规范，以及溶剂型涂料体系与水性集装箱涂料体系的综合性能进行了对比，综述了三涂层体系和二涂层体系为现有水性集装箱涂料的2种主流配套体系，并对2种体系的基本组成及各涂层的功能进行分析，讨论了不同集装箱涂层体系的优缺点，指出国内水性集装箱用涂料的技术瓶颈，列举了近年来在水性集装箱涂料方面的主要研究方向及最新研究成果，最后结合目前国内水性集装箱涂料应用的发展水平，提出在水性集装箱涂料的制备过程中，可在涂料用树脂或者基料的合成、改性方面进行更深入的研究和探索，努力提高涂料的综合力学性能，从而实现水性集装箱涂料行业的可持续发展。

Application Situation and Research Development of Waterborne Container Coatings

The application status and latest research progress of waterborne container coatings at home and abroad were summarized. It points out that as people''s awareness of environmental protection continues to increase, and the international community has put forward higher requirements of environmental protection for container coatings. Waterborne container coatings have become inevitable, and practice has proved that waterborne container coatings are feasible. Waterborne container coatings have the advantages of environmental protection and safety, which will inevitably have a transformative impact on the application of container coatings in the future. In this paper, the film thickness specifications of container coatings of different systems and the comprehensive performance of solvent-based coating systems and waterborne container coating systems were compared. It is clarified that solvent-based coatings have higher corrosion resistance and salt spray resistance, and higher wear resistance and hardness than waterborne container coatings. Compared with solvent-based container coatings, waterborne container coatings are safer and more environmentally friendly, but their transportation, storage requirements and construction environment requirements are higher. The three-coat system and the two-coat system are the two mainstream supporting systems for existing waterborne container coatings. The basic composition of the two systems and the functions of each coating are analyzed. It is concluded that the waterborne epoxy coating used in the three-coat system waterborne container coating is obviously superior in adhesion and wear resistance than the two-coat system coating with waterborne acrylic as the inner and outer coatings, but the flexibility is relatively low. The waterborne vinylidene chloride resin in the two-coat system has strong barrier properties to water and oxygen, and has excellent anti-corrosion effect. The original three-coating is changed to two-coating, which improves the coating efficiency and saves the cost. It is pointed out that the technical bottlenecks of domestic waterborne container coatings mainly include high cost, harsh construction environment requirements, low wear resistance and hardness, and low salt spray resistance. The main research directions and latest research results in waterborne container coatings in recent years are listed. It is pointed out that the domestic container waterborne anti-corrosion primer has been widely used, but the waterborne epoxy-based curing agents are mainly imported brands, mainly because there is a certain gap between the domestic products and imported brands on certain aspects of salt spray resistance and stability. For domestic products, the salt spray resistance of waterborne epoxy resin dispersions varies from 200 to 600 hours. Finally, based on the current level of application development of domestic waterborne container coatings, it is proposed that in the preparation process of waterborne container coatings, more in-depth research and exploration in the synthesis and modification of coating resins or binders can be made to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the coatings. As the so-called three-part paint, seven-part spray, and spray paint process have been an important part of the water paint research and development process, advanced coating technology and equipment are indispensable in the process of continuous improvement and upgrading of waterborne container coatings, so as to realize the sustainable development of the waterborne container coating industry.