天麻钩藤饮抑制铁死亡-脂质代谢保护鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞损伤

目的：研究天麻钩藤饮（TGY）对鱼藤酮（Rot）诱导的大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞损伤的影响及可能的机制。方法：采用Rot建立和培养PC12细胞神经损伤模型并利用MTT比色法测定细胞存活率，确定Rot的最佳造模浓度以及TGY的有效干预浓度。流式细胞仪检测细胞的脂质活性氧（ROS）水平并用荧光倒置显微镜观察细胞荧光强度的变化；生化试剂盒检测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），谷胱甘肽（GSH）的水平和活力变化以及丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。透射电子显微镜观察细胞线粒体形态变化，蛋白免疫印迹法检测细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（GPX4），长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶4（ACSL4），溶血卵磷脂酰基转移酶3（LPCAT3）蛋白表达。结果：0.6 μmol/L Rot处理细胞24 h后，细胞存活率接近50%（56.7%±9.9%），TGY预处理12 h后可抑制Rot的损伤程度。同时，减少乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的漏出率，并呈现一定的量效关系。Rot处理后的细胞内脂质ROS含量升高，而给予TGY预处理后有效降低Rot损伤的细胞内脂质ROS的含量，降低Rot处理后的MDA水平，并提高SOD活力和GSH水平。通过透射电镜观察到与正常组相比，0.6 μmol/L Rot处理后细胞的线粒体皱缩，TGY预保护处理后，PC12细胞的线粒体形态有一定程度的改善。Western blot的结果呈现出TGY预处理后可以在一定程度提高Rot损伤后GPX4的表达，下降ACSL4、LPCAT3的表达。 结论：TGY可以上调GPX4蛋白的表达，下调ACSL4、LPCAT3蛋白的表达，抑制不饱和脂肪酸的氧化，降低脂质过氧化水平和ROS的含量，从而改善神经损伤。

Tianma Gouteng Yin protects rotenone-induced PC12 cell damage by inhibiting ferroptosis-lipid metabolism

AIM: To investigate the effects and protective mechanism of Tianma Gouteng (TGY) against rotenone (Rot) damage in PC12 cells. METHODS: PC12 cells were treated with Rot to establish nerve injury model and cell survival rate was determined by MTT colorimetry to determine the optimal modeling concentration of Rot and effective intervention concentration of TGY. Lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by flow cytometry and fluorescence intensity was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The biochemical methods were used to detect, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) levels and activity and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA). Transmission electron microscopy observed morphological change of mitochondria and protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), long chain lipoyl-coa synthase 4 (ACSL4) and lysophospholipid cholinyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3) were detected by western blot. RESULTS: The survival rate of cells treated with 0.6 μmol/L Rot for 24 h was close to 50%(56.7%±9.9%). Pretreatment with TGY for 12 h could inhibit the damage of Rot. At the same time, the leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Lipid ROS content increased after the treatment of Rot, whereas pretreatment with TGY effectively reduced lipid ROS content, decreased MDA level and increased SOD activity and GSH level in damaged cells in cells damaged by Rot. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondria of PC12 cells were shrunk after the damage of 0.6 μmol/L Rot and the mitochondrial morphology of PC12 cells was improved to some extent after preprotection of TGY compared with normal group. Western blot results showed that TGY pretreatment could increase the expression of GPX4 and reduce the expression of ACSL4 and LPCAT3 after damage of Rot to a certain extent. CONCLUSION: TGY can improve nerve damage by up-regulating the expression of GPX4 protein, down-regulating the expression of ACSL4 and LPCAT3 protein to inhibit the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, reduce the level of lipid peroxidation and ROS content.