冷变形及退火工艺对低温用奥氏体不锈钢组织性能的影响

采用冷轧试验、退火试验、组织观察及力学性能检测等手段，研究了冷变形及退火工艺对低温用304L奥氏体不锈钢组织性能的影响。结果表明，随着冷轧变形量的增加，冷轧态组织晶粒沿着轧制方向被拉长后被破碎，形变带的密度逐渐增加，冷轧态钢板的强度提高，伸长率下降。随着退火温度的升高，再结晶晶粒尺寸逐渐变大，1120℃以后晶粒长大趋势明显提升，退火态钢板的强度降低，伸长率提高。退火时晶粒长大表观激活能随着冷变形量的增加而提高，在低温退火时，随着冷轧变形量的增加，晶粒尺寸逐渐减小，强度提高，伸长率下降，高温退火时趋势正好相反。

Effects of cold deformation and annealing process on microstructure and properties of austenitic stainless steel for low temperature

Effects of cold deformation and annealing process on microstructure and properties of the 304L austenitic stainless steel for low temperature were studied by means of cold rolling test, annealing test, microstructure observation and mechanical properties testing. The results show that with the increase of cold rolling deformation, the cold rolled grains are elongated and broken along the rolling direction, the density of deformation band gradually increases, the strength of cold rolled steel sheet increases and the elongation decreases. With the increase of annealing temperature, the recrystallized grain size increases gradually, the grain growth trend increases obviously when the annealing temperature is higher than 1120 ℃, the strength of the annealed steel sheet decreases, while the elongation increases. During annealing, the apparent activation energy of grain growth increases with the increase of cold deformation. During low temperature annealing, with the increase of cold rolling deformation, the grain size gradually decreases and the strength increases, while the elongation decreases. The trend is just the opposite during high temperature annealing.