稀土在汽车尾气净化催化剂中的应用现状

详细叙述了用稀土部分替代汽车尾气净化催化剂中铂、铑等贵金属的研究和应用情况。主要包括：①稀土在汽车尾气净化催化剂中应用优势；②稀土催化剂净化汽车尾气中几种主要有害气体的作用机理；③我国从事尾气净化稀土催化剂研究、开发的主要单位和他们各自的研究重点及取得的成果；④稀土三元催化剂的组成、特点及富氧条件下分解NO2的作用机理；⑤纳米稀土催化剂的开发与展望，指出：当纳米稀土催化剂研制成功，可望实现不使用贵金属达到与贵金属催化剂同样的净化效果；⑥稀土催化剂的应用前景。预料，在我国随着汽车保有量的迅速增加，尾气净化催化剂将成为稀土消费的主要领域之一。

Current Application of Rare-Earth in Catalyst for Cleaning the Automotive Off-Gas

In this paper,the advantages of rare-earth catalyst were analyzed.Catalysis principle of the rare-earth catalyst and the studying present state of the rare-earth catalyst for cleaning the automotive off-gas were discussed.And the applied prospect of the rare-earth catalyst was reviewed.Rare-earth metal added in the automotive off-gas catalyst improves heat resistant of carrier and increases activity of catalyst,saves of quantity of noble metal and reduces production cost.In the recent year,a lot of important research achievements about rare-earth catalyst have been achieved in the world.Nano particle may be can become a dominant catalyst in the 21th century.