Cu/C复合材料的研究现状

Cu／C复合材料是一种极具发展前途的金属基复合材料。综述了Cu／C复合材料的性能特点和国内外的研究现状，并深入介绍了粉末冶金法、热压固结法、液相浸渗法3种主要的Cu／C复合材料的制备工艺。粉末冶金法的优点是制造温度低，适于多种基体与纤维，特别是短纤维的结合；缺点是对纤维的损伤大，纤维分布不均。热压固结法相对粉末冶金法而言，对纤维的损伤小，材料性能较好，但工艺较复杂，制造成本高。液相浸渗法制得的Cu／C复合材料在发达国家得到了广泛的应用，但工序繁复，设备庞大，能耗大，成本高，而且仅适用于高石墨比例的Cu／C复合材料的制备。

Progress in Research for Cu/C Matrix Composites

The Cu/C matrix composites have been considered as a new structural and functional material which is of promising application in the metal matrix composites. The progress in research and development for Cu/C matrix composites at home and abroad was briefly reviewed, and the progress in research and production techniques, such as powder metallurgy, hot-pressing consolidation and liquid infiltration were described in detail. Advantages of the powder metallurgy are low operation temperature and suitable for bond of the steel fiber with many kinds of matrix, the short is an injury to the fibers which has not uniform distribution. It is a slight injury to fibers for the hot-pressing consolidation, and the performance of materials is better by this process, but the technology is complex and the production cost is higher. The liquid ~nfiltration method has been widely used in many countries. However due to the working procedure in great numbers, huge equipment, high energy consumption, and high cost, it is restricted to prepare copper-graphite matrix composites with high-graphite.