选择相溶解技术制备微/纳结构的研究进展

选择相溶解技术是一种简单、经济、有效的微/纳结构制备方法,尤其是在超长径比、超深宽比和单晶微/纳结构制备方面具有独特的优势。其原理是提取两相或多相合金中的微/纳结构,尺寸调控主要在预制合金形成的过程中进行。本文在明确区分选择相溶解技术和去合金化的基础上,首次详细综述了选择相溶解技术在纳米颗粒、微/纳丝、微/纳米孔和微/纳通道制备方面的研究进展,并结合本课题组研究工作完善了其工艺流程,拓宽了其应用范围,丰富了微/纳结构种类,为该技术在微/纳结构制备领域的广泛应用奠定了基础。

Review on preparation of micro/nanostructures by selective phase dissolution

Selective phase dissolution technology is a simple, economical and effective method for preparing micro/nanostructures, especially in the aspect of ultra-long-diameter ratio, ultra-deep-width ratio and single crystal micro/nanostructures. The principle is to extract micro/nanostructures in two-phase or multiphase alloys, and size control is mainly carried out during the formation of prealloys. Based on a clear distinction between selective phase dissolution and dealloying, the research progress of selective phase dissolution in the preparation of nanoparticles, micro/nanowires, micro/nanoporous and micro/nanochannel structures were reviewed in detail for the first time. Combining with the research work of our group, the technological process was improved, the application scope was broadened, and the types of micro/nanostructures were enriched, which laid a foundation for the wide application of selective phase dissolution in the preparation of micro/nanostructures.