动态爆炸战斗部对舰船舱壁的破片载荷特性研究

为研究舰船内部舱壁结构在半穿甲反舰导弹战斗部动态爆炸情形下承受的破片载荷特性，基于合理假设，根据弹目相对初始运动状态建立了空间坐标系，运用爆炸力学经验公式，推导了一种较为实用的数学计算模型。对该数学计算模型进行MATLAB语言编程，考虑装药引爆时战斗部不同的初始位置、姿态、平面运动以及因撞击舷侧外板而获得的转动等初始运动特性参数，采用破片着靶范围、着靶位置、舱壁各区域破片着靶总质量、破片着靶均速等评估参量，进一步研究战斗部初始运动特性对舱壁结构承受的破片载荷特性影响。结果表明：舰船舱壁破片载荷特性因战斗部不同初始运动特性而呈现不同分布规律，因战斗部装药爆炸驱动而获得的破片飞散特性是决定其分布特性的根本因素；对舱壁破片载荷特性有重要影响的首要参数是战斗部初始位置和姿态，其次是战斗部平面运动，而战斗部转动仅引起舱壁破片载荷分布的小幅改变。

Fragments Loading Properties of Warship Bulkhead from Moving Fragmentations Kill Warhead

On the basis of empirical formulas about mechanics of explosion and several reasonable assumptions, a space coordinates system of moving fragmentations kill warhead and target bulkhead was built, and a simple and practical mathematical model was deduced. The mathematical model is programmed with MATLAB program language in order to further understand the effect of initial warhead kinestates, including warhead position, attitude angle, planar motion, and rotational motion, on fragment loading acting on bulkhead, in which the target impact position, total mass of impacting fragments and expected value of impact velocity on each divided bulkhead surface are estimated. The calculated results show that the initial position, attitude angle and planar motion of warhead have major effects on the loading properties, while the rotational motion of warhead has an unremarkable effect on the fragment loading, and the root cause of aforementioned effect rules is the difference of fragments kinetic characteristics.