基于离散元与有限元耦合的充气轮胎沙土路面行驶性能仿真方法研究

为研究充气轮胎在沙土路面的行驶性能,提出用于模拟充气轮胎-沙土路面行驶性能的离散元与有限元耦合模型,建立205/55R16轮胎的三维有限元模型和沙土路面离散元模型,并以离散元与有限元接触算法模拟轮胎与路面之间的相互作用。依据被动滑转原理,采用基于PID控制理论的加载方式为土槽装置轮胎加载。在自主研发的越野车沙地行驶行为仿真软件ORV-SAND中实现以上功能,仿真分析两种胎面对应轮胎的总牵引力、挂钩牵引力、行驶阻力和轮辋下陷量等行驶参数,以及不同滑转率对这些参数的影响。结果表明,仿真分析与试验结果在趋势上具有较好的一致性,说明提出的充气轮胎-沙土路面离散元与有限元耦合模型及仿真方法在研究轮胎与沙土相互作用关系方面具有很大的潜力。

Analysis of Travel Performance of Pneumatic Tire on Unpaved Road by Discrete-finite Element Method

A combined discrete-finite element method is proposed to simulate the interaction between the pneumatic tire and the granular sand,where the continuum based finite element method is used for the pneumatic tire and the discrete element method is used for the free-flowing particles.Interactions between the pneumatic tire and the sand are described by using a contact detection algorithm.A PID-controller model based on automatic control theory is applied on the base of forced-slip principle to ascertain the loading conditions of tire.A corresponding numerical analysis code is implemented into the in-house developed code,named ORV-SAND,to simulate the tire travel performance.Travel parameters of pneumatic tires with different tread patterns (i.e.smooth and block),such as gross tractive force,drawbar pull,running resistance and sinkage,are investigated under different slip conditions.The simulated results are basically corresponded with the experimental results.It is demonstrated that the proposed discrete-finite element method and the numerical method have enormous potential in studying the interaction between the pneumatic tire and the granular sand.