铝粉/橡胶复合材料力学性能与本构模型研究

为研究铝粉/橡胶复合材料的力学性能与本构模型，利用WGD-1型万能材料试验机及分离式Hopkinson压杆进行了准静态和动态压缩试验。获得了试件在准静态下与1 400 s^-1～2 800 s^-1应变率范围内的应力-应变曲线；建立了描述试件材料一维动态、静态压缩力学行为的率相关本构模型；采用扫描电子显微镜观察了铝粉颗粒在橡胶基体中的分布情况。试验结果表明：不同配比的试件在准静态加载下硬化形式不同，铝粉质量含量60%的试件中铝粉颗粒在压缩后期出现破碎现象且最终被压溃；动态加载下，试件应变率效应明显，流动应力比准静态条件下显著增加，铝粉质量含量60%的试件增加尤为明显。

Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Model of Aluminum Powder/Rubber Composites

The mechanical properties and constitutive model of aluminum powder/rubber composites are studied. Quasi-static and dynamic compression tests of aluminum powder/rubber composites were carried out using WGD-1 universal testing machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar, and the stress-strain curve of test samples in the range of 1 400 s^-1-2 800 s^-1 strain rate in the quasi-static compression test are obtained. A rate-dependent constitutive model which can describe the one-dimensional dynamic and static compression behaviors of the test samples is established，and the distribution of aluminum particles in the rubber matrix is observed by scanning electron microscopy.The test results show that the test samples have different hardening modes under quasi-static loading. The aluminum powder particles of composites containing 60 wt% Al are crushed during the later stage of compression, and the test samples are eventually crushed. Under dynamic loading,the test samples show obvious strain-rate effects, and the flow stress is significantly increased under the quasi-static compression, especially for compo-sites containing 60 wt% Al. Key