穿甲弹异物阻滞膛炸机理数值仿真分析

以某穿甲弹近炮口处膛炸故障为背景，针对膛内存在异物时弹体和身管动态响应进行数值仿真，探讨膛炸机理并为故障分析与归零提供依据和参考。设定了两种典型异物阻滞形式：一是 异物阻滞造成弹体速度急剧下降或卡膛；二是弹体直接高速冲击膛内沙土类异物。采用有限元分析AUTODYN软件进行了多种不同工况数值计算，得到了弹体速度急剧下降时弹底燃气流场压力特征、身管变形与破裂形态，以及弹体高速冲击沙土类异物时结构动态响应、身管变形与破裂形态。研究结果表明：弹体膛内突然受阻和速度急剧下降，导致底部燃气中形成激波和局部高压区，局部高压区的存在可造成膛炸；弹体膛内近炮口处高速冲击沙土，身管受到复杂的强动载荷作用并可造成膛炸；数值仿真结果与实际故障情况相吻合并得到了故障复现试验的验证。

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Bore Premature of Armor Piercer Caused by Foreign Matter Obstruction

The dynamic responses of projectile and barrel under the foreign matter obstruction are numerically simulated based on the background of the premature of a certain armor piercer.The mechanism of bore premature is discussed,and the basis and reference are given for fault analysis and zeroing.Two typical forms of foreign matter obstruction are presented:the foreign matter obstruction leads to a sudden decline of projectile velocity or bayonet chamber;and the projectile directly impacts the foreign matter in chamber at high velocity.AUTODYN software is used for numerical calculation of different conditions,the dynamic characteristics of gas flow field,the deformation and rupture shapes of barrel,and the dynamic response of structure and the deformation and rupture of projectile during the high velocity impact are obtained.The results show that the abrupt obstruction and the rapid decrease of velocity in the chamber resuh in forming the shock wave and local high pressure in the bottom gas.The presence of local high pressure zone can lead to bore premature.The simulated results are consistent with the actual fault condition.The fault repetition test is carried out.