红磷烟幕使用特性及其对红外激光的最佳消光直径

在中型烟幕柜中测试了红磷烟幕的粒度分布，计算了红磷烟幕的发烟能力和自由沉降速度以及对多种波长电磁波的衰减系数，分析了红磷烟幕的多波段消光特性及其在组合烟幕中的应用。研究表明：红磷烟幕平均直径分布在0.5～13μm；发烟能力3.9—22.9;对可见光至14μm红外的衰减系数分布在200／m～41.67/m;沉降速度远小于0.007 m/s并具有良好的组合使用特性。根据Mie理论计算了多种直径红磷烟幕粒子对1.06 μm、3.39 μm和10.6 μm激光的散射、吸收和消光效率因子。分析表明：直径显著小于入射波长的烟幕粒子的消光作用中吸收效应居主导地位；随着粒子直径增大散射效应逐渐增强；当烟幕粒子的尺度接近入射波长时散射和吸收效应趋于一致；红磷烟幕粒子对10.6μm和3.39弘m红外激光辐射的最佳消光直径分别为9.0μm和4.0μm.

Red Phosphorus Smoke Usage Characteristic and Optimal Extinction Diameter to Emissions of Infrared Laser

In a middle-size smoke chamber, the granularity distributions of red phosphorus smoke were tested at different times. The capacity to produce smoke, the free sedimentation speed of the smoke and the attenuation coefficients for the smoke particles to many electromagnetic waves were calculated and the multiband extinction characteristic of red phosphorus smoke and its application in integrated smoke were analyzed. The results show that the average particle diameter of the smoke is between 0.5 μm and 13 μm; the capacity to produce smoke is between 3.9 and 22.9; from visible light to far in?frared of 14 μm, the attenuation coefficients of the smoke are between 200/m and 41.67/m; the sedi?mentation speed of the smoke is far smaller than 0.007 m/s, and the combined smoke lias a better ex?tinction performance than itself. The absorption, scattering and extinction efficiency factors of the smoke with various diameters to 1.06 μm, 3.39 μm and 10.6 μm laser were calculatcd according to Mie scattering theory. I ne calculated results show that the absorption in extinction effect is dominant at the much smaller particle diameter than the incident wavelength; the scattering function is increased with the increase of particle diameter; the absorption is consistent with the scattering when the particle diameter is close to the incident wavelength; the optimal extinction diameters of the smoke are 9.0 μm and 4.0 μm for infrared laser emissions of wavelength 10.6 μm and 3.39 μm.