上浮式水面发射筒弹射内弹道特性

为研究新型上浮式水面发射筒弹射内弹道特性及其影响因素，采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型、Mixture多相流模型以及动态分层技术，建立考虑上浮速度影响的弹、筒弹射模型。对弹筒模型在水面与地面上的弹射过程分别进行数值模拟，对比分析二者的内弹道性能与筒内流动变化规律，并研究发射筒出水速度对水面发射内弹道性能的影响。对比结果表明，水面发射的弹、筒相对运动快于地面发射的相对运动，使得水面发射的燃气做功用时比地面发射的用时少14%，水面发射弹体受到的最大载荷比地面发射小20%；由于水面发射中发射筒具有相对较高的设定出水速度，水面发射弹体的出筒速度大于地面发射的出筒速度。流动分析表明：在设定的出水速度条件下，水面发射过程中燃气不会直接与水面发生作用，无相变耗能过程。影响因素分析表明，在安全发射条件下，出水速度主要通过改变水对筒的作用力来影响弹、筒的相对运动速度，但燃气对筒的作用力远远大于水对筒的作用力，使得出水速度对弹、筒相对运动的非线性影响几乎可以忽略，出水速度的改变几乎不会影响弹体的出筒速度增量。

Interior Ballistics of Independent Water-surface Launching Canister

The Realizable k-ε turbulence model，the mixture multiphase model and the dynamic layering mesh update method are used to investigate the interior ballistics of a new independent water-surface launching canister，and analyze its influencing factors by modeling the relative motion between the missile and the canister. The interior ballistics and the internal flow characteristics of canister launcher on water-surface and ground are analyzed and compared numerically，and the influence of the canister emerging velocity on the interior ballistics is investigated. Results show that the launchers on water-surface and ground have the similar flow characteristics in the gaps and in the pressures in the low pressure chambers. The exit velocity of the missile on water-surface is faster than that on ground，the maximum missile load on water-surface is 20% less than that on ground，and the launch time for the water-surface launching is 14% less than that on ground.The flow results show that the gas does not directly interact with the water surface，therefore the phase change energy dissipation does not happen.The emerging velocity changes the ejection velocity increment by affecting the force of water on the canister.The nonlinear effect of the emerging velocity on the increment of ejection velocity can be ignored because the buoyancy variation is far less than the gas force，so the exit velocity of missile is a linear superposition of the emerging velocity and the increment of ejection velocity.