不同形式锚泊系统对海洋资料浮标水动力性能的影响

海洋资料浮标及其锚泊系统的水动力性能对其观测要素测量精度具有重要影响，与其他海洋工程装备相比，由于浮标的锚泊系统对标体的运动和受力影响较大，因此对其进行相关的水动力特性研究一直是浮标设计与研制的重点问题。采用数值模拟与物理模型试验相结合的方法，应用威海褚岛北部海域实测数据，对松弛式、倒s式与半拉紧式3种不同锚泊系统在风浪联合作用下的水动力性能进行试验研究。试验结果表明，不同形式锚泊系统对浮标水动力性能有显著影响：半拉紧式定点观测效果最好，但对锚泊系统的可靠性要求更高，适合于应用在对观测精度要求较高的情况；倒s式布放较方便，锚泊系统抵抗极端环境的能力更强，但摇荡运动比较明显，适合于应用在深远海海域；松弛式效果介于半拉紧式和倒s式之间。该研究成果已应用于国家海洋综合试验场背景场观测浮标系统，并可为其他海洋资料浮标锚泊系统的设计提供参考依据。

The Influences of Different Mooring Systems on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Buoy

Hydrodynamic performances of ocean data buoy and mooring system have the important influence on measuring precision of observation parameters. The mooring system has a larger effect on the movement and force of ocean data buoy， so the related research on the hydrodynamic characteristics of mooring system has always been a the focus of the design and development of ocean data buoy. The hydrodynamic performances of three different types of mooring systems under the combined force of wind and waves are studied by using the measured data from the northern Chu Island waters off Weihai through numerical simulation and physical model test. The experimental results show that the different mooring systems have significant effects on the hydrodynamic performance of buoy system. The half-tension-type mooring system performs best for fixed point observation，but has higher requirements on the reliability，which is suitable for the situation of requiring higher observation accuracy. The inverted s-type mooring system is more convenient to lay out，and has stronger resistance to extreme ocean environment，but its swing motion is more obvious，so it is suitable for use in open deep sea areas. The slack type mooring system is fall in between half-tension-type and inverted s-type mooring systems.