使用单水听器定位浅水中的脉冲声源

针对浅海信道的相干多途结构，给出了一种利用单水听器通过估计多途时延差来定位脉冲声源的方法。分析了水底和水面声学特性的差别对反射波相位的影响，利用相位的差别来区分水面反射和水底反射，解决定位方程中声源位置模糊。使用复数域上的凸集投影方法估计信道中的多途幅度衰减和相位变化，其分辨率优于传统匹配滤波器，可以扩展定位方程的应用范围。通过误差传递方程研究了单水听器定位时的误差。对实验数据处理结果表明，这种定位方法在实际浅海环境中是可行的，具有成本低廉，结构简单的优点。

Impulsive Source Localization in Shallow Water Using Single Hydrophone

Aimed at coherent multipath structure of the underwater acoustic channel in shallow water, a method of impulsive source localization using a single hydrophone was proposed. The phase change properties of reflected wave at different acoustic interfaces were studied. The difference between surface reflection and bottom reflection was used to solve position ambiguity in the location equation. The estimated resolutions of amplitude attenuation and phase change of the underwater acoustic channel were improved by using projection onto convex sets, compared with match filter. The localization error using single hydrophone was estimated with the error propagation equation. The experiment results show that this method is feasible in shallow water environment, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.