垂直矢量阵声图被动定位技术研究

在近场条件下,应用垂直矢量阵声图被动定位技术,能有效地抑制海洋多途影响,测定目标距离。由于垂直声压阵的自身指向性问题,无法测定目标方位,故讨论了垂直矢量阵的声图被动定位方法,利用矢量阵的指向性优势来获得声图测量的精确被动定位结果。仿真对比分析了水平阵与垂直矢量阵在多途条件的声图测量效果,此外,给出了单双目标2种情况下的垂直阵声图测量结果。研究发现:垂直阵声图测量由于物理优势比水平阵具有更好的抗多途性能,采用矢量阵可以克服声压阵的指向性缺陷测定目标方位,因而在多途海洋环境中利用垂直矢量阵进行近场目标被动定位具有可行性。

Research on the Underwater Acoustic Image Passive Locating Using Vertical Linear Array

The ocean multi-path influence on measuring the target distance can be restrained effectively by the underwater acoustic image passive location technology using the vertical array under the condition of near field. Due to the directivity, the vertical pressure sensor array can not direct targets. The method, which is based on vertical vector sensor array, was discussed. Taking advantage of the directivity of vector sensor, the accurate results of passive location were obtained. Comparisons of underwater acoustic image measurements between the horizontal and the vertical under the multi-path condition and of vertical array acoustic image measurements between the single sound source and the double sound source were performed and analyzed by simulation method. The research result shows that for the physical reason, the result of using vertical array is better than that using horizontal array under the multi-path condition, the vertical vector sensor array can overcome the directivity limitation of vertical pressure sensor array and determine target bearing, it is feasible to locate targets passively using a vertical vector sensor array in near field under the multi-path condition.