固体推进剂力学性能和本构模型的研究进展

从力学性能的实验测试方法、力学性能参数的确定以及本构模型的构建三个方面,对固体推进剂力学性能和本构模型的研究进展进行了综述,并在此基础上提出了当前研究中存在的不足和需要进一步重点开展的研究。分析表明:动态加载条件下和多轴应力状态下固体推进剂力学性能的实验测试方法是目前研究中的难点,针对该问题可以借鉴其它应变率敏感性材料的测试方法;固体推进剂力学性能参数的确定方面缺乏针对不同应力状态下力学性能参数相互之间关系的讨论和分析,亟待通过借鉴其它非金属材料的研究方法 /手段和基本结论来解决这一问题;固体推进剂的本构模型研究与实际需求还存在较大的差距,特别是动态加载条件下的大变形非线性粘弹性本构,而基于宏观方法构建含损伤积分型非线性粘弹性本构模型的思想在解决该问题上具有较大的优势,可以成为今后研究的重点,但损伤函数的推导和求解是难点,需要研究者根据动态加载条件下固体推进剂的变形进行合理的分析。

Review on the Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Models of Solid Propellants

Mechanical properties and constitutive models of solid propellants were reviewed from experimental techniques, mechanical parameters determination and developing constitutive models. Based on that, the current shortage and future research contents were also proposed. Firstly, up to now, experimental techniques of mechanical properties on solid propellants is still difficult under dynamic loading conditions and multiaxial stress conditions. Solving this problem can refer to the test methods for other strain-rate sensitive materials. Secondly, there is limited information available on the relationship of the mechanical parameters for solid propellants under different stress conditions. To solve this problem, it is necessary to refer to the research methods or means and basic conclusions of other nonmetal materials. Finally, there is a great gap between the practical need and the current studies on the constitutive models of solid propellants, especially the large deformation nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive models under dynamic loading conditions. The method of developing integral-type nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive models incorporating the damage on a macro-scale can be suggested to establish the constitutive models. However, the main emphasis is to derive and solve the damage function, which should be properly selected based on the deformation of solid propellants under dynamic loading conditions.