炮孔装药量与炮孔间距关系的研究

为了有效解决炮孔间距与炮孔用药量之间的合理性问题,运用爆炸力学理论和岩石力学理论,初步分析爆炸应力在岩体中产生破裂区的机制,并计算了炮孔中不耦合装药起爆后岩体中粉碎区和裂隙区的范围,建立了爆炸应力与裂缝区大小之间的关系,从理论上解决了炮孔装药量与炮孔间距之间的相互合理性问题。现场试验表明,对于一个掘进循环,炸药成本共减少约了17.8%;循环进尺增加了0.2 m;周边炮孔眼痕率超过92%;巷道成形质量好,不平整度下降到100 mm以内;取得了大块率小、巷道成型好、施工快的理想效果,既保证了工程质量,又降低了成本。

Correlations between Explosive Charge and Space of Boreholes in Blasting

Based on the correlations between charge and space of boreholes of blasting in rock,the initiation mechanism of fracture zones was studied according to theories of explosion and rock mechanics. The scopes of crush zone and crack zone,in a condition of decoupling charging, were calculated.The correlation between explosion gas pressure and scope of crack was put forward,and the contradiction between charge and space of boreholes was solved theoretically.The blasting experiments in field were carried out and the experimental effects are satisfactory: shattered blocks are small and smooth face is well shaped.For a tunneling cycle,explosive cost is decreased by 17.8% and the single footage is increased by 0.2 m;the rates of half-hole marks of perimeter holes and the non-smooth grades of the cut contours are more than 92% and are less than 100 mm respectively.The results will provide parameters for blasting design and engineering practices with the theoretical gists.