新型粉状铵油炸药实验研究

为解决当前粉状铵油炸药生产工艺复杂,爆炸能量低的难题,在105～110℃将硝酸铵与地蜡、表面活性剂、吸附剂和水混溶制成浆状混合液,并在真空度为-0.07～-0.09MPa压力下脱水干燥,研磨过筛,得到粉状铵油炸药。分析了炸药微观结构和感度,研究了装药密度对炸药爆速和水下爆炸能量的影响。结果表明,该炸药各组分混合均匀,安全性好,当炸药最佳装药密度为0.91～0.94g.cm-3时,爆速大于4000m.s-1,水下爆炸能量接近于理论计算爆热值。

Preparation and Performance of a New Powdery Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Explosive

A new powdery ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive was produced to solve the problems of complicated production process and low explosion energy. The explosive was made of ozocerite,surfactant,gelatinizer and water,which were made into slurry mixed solution at 105-110 ℃, and was dehydrated from -0.07 MPa to -0.09 MPa. The microstructure and sensitivity of the explosive were analyzed,and the effects of the charge density on detonation velocity and underwater explosion energy were also studied. Results show that the mixing uniformity of the components and safety are good. When the charge density is 0.91-0.94 g·cm~(-3),the detonation velocity is more than 4000 m·s~(-1), and the underwater explosion energy is more than 3700 kJ·kg~(-1),which is close to the theoretical calculation value.