酸性离子液体催化醛胺缩合反应制备多氮杂环化合物

设计合成了一种新型酸性离子液体1-十二烷基-3-丙磺酸基咪唑硫酸氢盐C_3SO_3H Doim]HSO_4,将其用于醛胺缩合反应中,制备含能材料中间体。以四氢-咪唑并4,5-d]咪唑-2,5-二酮,2,5,7,9-四氮杂双环4.3.0]壬酮-8和六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)的合成为例,研究了离子液体的种类、用量以及反应温度、反应时间等因素对缩合反应的影响。结果表明,新型酸性离子液体C_3SO_3H D oim]HSO_4催化活性好,可循环利用率高,三种多氮杂环化合物:甘脲、2,5,7,9-四氮杂双环4.3.0]壬酮-8和HBIW的收率分别高达95%,89%,81%。

Aldehydic-amide Condensation Reaction to Synthesize Multi-nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquids

A novel acidic ionic liquid(ILs), 1-dodecyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate C₃SO₃HDoim]HSO₄ was designed and synthesized, and used for condensation reaction of aldehyde and amine to synthesize the energetic material intermediates. Taking the synthesis of tetrahydroimidazo4,5-d]imidazol-e-2,5-(1H, 3H)-dione, 2,5,7,9-tetrazobicyclo4,3,0]nonan-8-one and hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HBIW) as the example, the influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, amount of ILs and types of ILs on condensation reaction were investigated. Results show that ILs C₃SO₃HDoim]HSO₄ has good catalytic activity, high cyclic utilization reusability and the yields of three kinds of multi-nitrogen heterocyclic compounds glycoluril, 2,5,7,9-tetrazobicyclo4,3,0]nonan-8-one and HBIW, can reach 95%, 89% and 81%, respectively.