含氟功能助剂对发射药燃烧性能的影响

为提高发射药表面防盐湿、耐高温性能的同时调控其燃烧性能,采用TiO2纳米粒子与含氟单体反应合成了TiO2-含氟丙烯酸酯功能助剂。功能助剂和太根双基推进剂药片共混制备了发射药颗粒,对其进行了密闭爆发器实验。研究了含氟功能助剂的含量、含氟量及粒径对发射药定容燃烧性能的影响。结果表明:随着十二氟功能助剂含量的降低,发射药燃速呈增大趋势。十二氟功能助剂使发射药燃速提高0.1~0.3 cm·s-1,三氟功能助剂使发射药燃速降低0.4~1.0 cm·s-1。在本实验条件下,粒径对改善发射药燃速效果不明显。为更好地调控发射药起始燃烧速度,需要综合考虑含氟功能助剂链段中含氟量与TiO2含量二者比例以及发射药聚集体的物理形态。

Influence of Fluoride Functional Additives on the Combustion Performance of Gun Propellant

To improve the salt/wet prevention and high temperature resistant performance of propellant surface and adjust its combustion performance at the same time, TiO₂-fluorinated acrylate functional additives were synthesized via reaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticle and fluoride monomer. Gun propellant particles were prepared by blending functional additives and triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) double-base propellant pills and the experiment of the gun propellant was performed by a closed bomb. The influence of fluorinated functional additive content, fluorine content and particle size on the constant volume combustion performance of the gun propellant was studied. Results show that with decreasing the 12F functional additive content, the burning rate of the gun propellant reveals a trend of increase. 12F functional additives make the burning rate of gun propellants increase by 0.1-0.3 cm·s^-1, 3F functional additives make the burning rate of gun propellants reduce by 0.4-1.0 cm·s^-1. Under this experimental condition, the influence of particle size is not obvious on the combustion performance of propellant. To better control the burning rate of gun propellant, the proportion of fluoride and TiO₂ content in the chain segment of functional additives and the physical form of aggregation of gun propellant should be considered comprehensively.