欧洲反鱼雷鱼雷研发展望

介绍了德国研发中的“梭鱼”轻型超空泡反鱼雷鱼雷以及法国提出的重型反鱼雷鱼雷的总体概念、技术特点和部分试验结果，分析了它们产生的背景和意义。“梭鱼”鱼雷采用开式超空泡，头部锥形空化器、控制舵和自导头集成为一体，在已进行的单项试验中，速度达到240kn，可进行机动，自导发现重型鱼雷距离大于200m。仿真结果表明，“梭鱼”鱼雷可为舰艇提供效果显著的近程拦截能力。法国DCN公司基于增加战斗部威力的目的，将研究重点放在了重型反鱼雷鱼雷上。设计了3种威胁想定：反潜机在0．5—3km距离内空投轻型鱼雷，水面舰艇在3—6km距离内发射轻型鱼雷，潜艇在4—10km距离内发射重型线导鱼雷，并对其进行了仿真试验。对DCN通过仿真所得出的不同报警距离的拦截成功率、鱼雷空间交汇时间概率分布、最小交汇距离概率分布以及拦截距离概率分布等仿真结果进行了综合分析。

Development of Anti-Torpedo Torpedo in Europe

The concepts of the lightweight supercavitating anti-torpedo torpedo(ATT) Barracuda developed by Germany and the heavyweight ATT researched by France,as well as their technical characteristics and some test results,are described.The background and significance are discussed.Barracuda is entirely enveloped by the cavitation bubble except for the nose cone.The nose cone is an integration of cavitator,rudder,and homing head.A series of tests show that it runs at a speed of 240 knots and maneuvers,its sonar can acquire a heavyweight torpedo(HWT) at a range of more than 200 m.Simulation results show that Barracuda can effectively intercept approaching torpedo at short distance for surface ship.DCN is developing a concept of heavyweight ATT in order to increase lethality.Three different operational scenarios are designed: lightweight torpedo(LWT) launched by aircraft or helicopter with a target range varying from 0.5 to 3 km,LWT launched by surface ship with a target range 3~6 km,wire-guided HWT launched by submarine with a target range 4~10 km.Simulations are conducted under above scenarios.The simulation results of intercept probability versus alert range,crossing collision volume delay spreading,smallest crossing range spreading,intercept area to submarine range spreading are analyzed.