引信系统安全性设计中的“三防”原理

介绍基于“三防”原理的引信系统安全性设计方法,它把引爆武器所必须的关键件放在由能量势垒所包围的所谓“禁区”内,该区的门的关开只能由一个特定的电脉冲序列来控制,一旦能量隔离失效,禁区中的关键件自身就以一种安全的方式首先失效。这种设计方法有三个明显的优点：一是进行安全性设计时不再需要知道异常环境的强度,二是可使关键件数最小,三是可使验证安全性的分析与使验证的成本控制在合理的范围内。虽然文中主要讨论“三防”原理,但对基于模型的安全性估算法也作了介绍。

The "3I" Principles Used for Fuze System Safety Design

This paper presents a fuze system safety design approach, based on the isolation, incompatibility, and inoperability, known as "3I" principles. By this approach, the critical components necessary for detonating a weapon are to be isolation from their surroundings by placing them within an energy barrier, the volume enclosed by the barrier is known as "the exclusion region". The region's door can only be operated by a special binary electro pulses. The critical component within the region would be designed such that the system itself would fail in a safe manner prior the loss of "isolation". The design process has three profound benefits: firstly, the process avoids the need to understand the intensity of abnormal environments; secondly, it minimizes the number of safety critical features; thirdly it permits rerification of system safety by analysis and test at reasonable costs. Although the paper focuses on "3I" principles, model based safety assessment method is also presented.