战场坦克目标被动宽带MUSIC法定向研究

声目标被动定向算法是声被动探测系统中的关键技术之一，国内外对此技术进行了广泛研究。基于时延估计目标定向分辨率较低，而采用高分辨率空间谱估计定向能获得较高的定向分辨率。极大似然估计，最大熵谱估计和自相关矩阵的特征分解法空间谱估计计算量较大。MUSIC法以其空间谱分辨率高和运算量小而在空间谱估计中得到运用。战场坦克目标声信号的频谱范围在20～200Hz之间属宽带信号，利用整个频谱范围内信号来估计DOA虽然可以提高估计精度，但计算量大。在实际应运中受到限制。实验证明，用几个信噪比高的频谱点采用宽带MUSIC算法来估计DOA，不但能够在较大距离范围内获得较高DOA估计精度，而且能够减少计算量，其估计精度能够满足智能雷弹作战需求。

The Study on Passive DOA Estimation of Tank by Wideband MUSIC on Battlefield

The passive DOA estimation of acoustic source is fundamental technique of the passive acoustic detection system. It is studied all over the world. The passive DOA estimation based on time delay estimation has limitation on resolution ability and the passive DOA estimation based on high resolution space spectral estimation has high DOA resolution ability. MLE , MEP and correlation matrix spectral decomposed method have shortcoming in cumbersome computation. MUSIC is widely used for it having the high resolution ability and low computation. The acoustic signal emitted by tank on battlefield is wideband signal ranging from 20Hz to 200Hz. when the whole spectral range is used for estimating DOA, although, wideband MUSIC can achieved high accuracy but it is cumbersome in computation. It has limitation in real situation. It is demonstrated by experiment that when a few band frequency which have high SNR is used to estimating DOA wideband MUSIC can significantly reduce computation load without much effect on DOA accuracy. This DOA estimation method can be used in real smart munitions.