高速动车组车内声品质客观参量测试与分析

采用噪声与振动测试分析系统,提取高速动车组车内响度、尖锐度、粗糙度和抖动度等声品质客观参量进行客观评价分析方法的研究,分析高速动车组车内噪声试验测试数据,得出车内心理学客观参量随运行速度变化的分布规律:当运行速度为380 km/h时,响度达到最大值42.6 sone;响度来源除各振源引起振动产生的噪声外,还与车门与风挡等部位密封不严产生的声泄漏有关,响度呈现出随速度提高而增加的趋势;当运行速度达到330 km/h时,各测点尖锐度达到最大值,包间处为2.52 acum;高速动车组车内噪声以低频噪声成分为主,动车组提速对车内尖锐度值影响较小;当运行速度为300 km/h时,包间处粗糙度最高达4.3 asper;当运行速度为330 km/h时,各测点抖动度急剧上升,包间以及车体中央座位处的抖动度相对较大,车体中央座位抖动度最大值达0.127 vacil;该研究结果可为高速动车组减振降噪设计提供数据支持,为高速动车组车内声品质研究提供依据。

Test and Analysis on Objective Parameters of Sound Quality in High Speed Train

The noise and vibration analysis system was used to extract objective parameters of sound quality including loudness, sharpness, roughness, fluctuation and so on and carry out objective evaluation and a nalysis the data of internal noise experiment on highspeed train. Finally, the status and distribution regu larities of various objective parameters are obtained. When the running speed is 380 kin/h, the maximum loudness is 42.6 sone. Except noise of caused by vibration, loudness stems from acoustic leakage from the door and windshield parts＇ slack seal. Loudness increased with the speed increase. When the running speed is 330 km/h, the compartment maximum sharpness is 2.52 acum. High speed train interior noise is mainly low frequency noise components. When the high speed train is speeded up, the effect for internal sharpness is less. When the running speed is 300 km/h, the compartment maximum roughness is 4. 3asper. When the running speed is 330 km/h, each test fluctuation rises sharply. The fluctuation of com ponent and central seat is larger. The maximum fluctuation of central seat is 0. 127vacil. The research canprovide the data support and reference to design of vibration and noise reduction of high-speed train.