墙体-屋面组合式蓄热通风墙热工优化及其室内热环境分析

传统玻璃幕墙房间昼夜温差大、供暖能耗高,该文提出一种墙体-屋面组合式蓄热通风墙。建立该结构的传热数学模型,对屋面倾斜角度、通风孔尺寸、风机风速等影响因素进行优化分析,对比墙体-屋面组合式蓄热通风墙与传统玻璃幕墙房间的室内热环境及热负荷。结果表明：综合考虑总供热量和对流换热量,通风孔尺寸为250 mm×250 mm最佳;屋面倾斜角度和风机风速分别为45°和1.0 m/s时,蓄热通风墙的供热能力最佳。相比传统玻璃幕墙,墙体-屋面组合式蓄热通风墙房间自然室温保持在15 ℃以上的时间延长了约3.5 h,室温波动缩小了约3 ℃,昼夜温差明显减小;蓄热通风墙房间的热负荷降低了约40.7%。

OPTIMIZATION AND INDOOR THERMAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS OF WALL-ROOF COMBINED HEAT STORAGE VENTILATION STRUCTURE

In view of the problems of the traditional glass curtain wall, such as large heat loss,temperature varying widely from day to night and large heating energy consumption, a wall-roof combined heat storage ventilation structure （WRHSV） is proposed. The heat transfer mathematical model of the new structure is established. The factors such as the inclination angle of the roof, the size of ventilation hole and the ventilation speed are optimized and analyzed. The indoor thermal environment and heat load of the room using WRHSV are compared with those using the traditional glass curtain wall. The results show that the total heat transfer and the convective heat transfer are both the largest when the dimension of the ventilation hole of WRHSV is 250 mm × 250 mm. When the slope angle of the roof and ventilation speed is 45°and 1.0 m/s, respectively, the heat supply capacity of WRHSV is the largest. Compared with the traditional glass curtain wall, the time for the room temperature maintaining above 15 ℃ is extended by 3.5 h, the temperature fluctuation is reduced by 3 ℃, the temperature difference between day and night is significantly reduced, and the heat load of the room is reduced by 40.7% when WRHSV is used.