分布式太阳能集中供暖系统用户与集中蓄热装置容量匹配优化设计

以蓄热系统各部分蓄热容积为决策变量,蓄热系统全寿命周期费用总现值为优化目标建立蓄热系统优化模型,并通过Hooke-Jeeves优化算法进行求解。以西宁市某小区为案例进行蓄热系统优化,结果表明：用户总蓄热容量与集中蓄热容量的最优配比为3∶2。分布式各蓄热水箱最优容积相比传统太阳能系统蓄热容积计算结果减少40%以上。随着蓄热水箱容积的增大,系统辅助热源供热量先降低后升高,太阳能产热量先升高后趋于定值,系统初投资呈增加趋势,运行投资与蓄热系统寿命周期费用总现值均呈先降低后升高的趋势。最后以寿命周期费用节约百分比为评价指标分析影响因素的影响程度,敏感性大小依次为锅炉供热单价>折现率>寿命周期。

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF CAPACITY MATCHING BETWEEN USERS AND CENTRAL HEAT STORAGE DEVICE IN DISTRIBUTED SOLAR CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM

In this study, the decision variable was based on the heat storage volume of each part of the heat storage system, and the optimization model of the heat storage system was established with the total present value of the total life cycle cost of the heat storage system as the optimization target, and the solution was obtained by Hooke-Jeeves optimization algorithm. Taking a small district in Xining city as an example, the result shows that the optimal ratio between the total heat storage capacity of users and the centralized heat storage capacity is 3∶2. Compared with the calculation results of heat storage volume of traditional solar energy system, the optimal heat storage volume reduced by more than 40%. Moreover, it is found that with the increase of the volume of the heat storage tank, the heating capacity of the auxiliary heat source of the system decreases first and then increases, and the heat generated by the solar energy increases first and then tends to be fixed, the initial investment of the system presents an increasing trend, and the total present value of the operation investment and the life cycle cost of the heat storage system presents a decreasing trend and then increases. Finally, the life cycle cost saving percentage is used as the evaluation index to analyze the influence degree of the influencing factors, and the sensitivity is the boiler heating unit price > discount rate > life cycle.