Parameter study for dimensioning of a PV optimized hydrogen supply plant

Green hydrogen produced from intermittent renewable energy sources is a key component on the way to a carbon neutral planet. In order to achieve the most sustainable, efficient and cost-effective solutions, it is necessary to match the dimensioning of the renewable energy source, the capacity of the hydrogen production and the size of the hydrogen storage to the hydrogen demand of the application.For optimized dimensioning of a PV powered hydrogen production system, fulfilling a specific hydrogen demand, a detailed plant simulation model has been developed. In this study the model was used to conduct a parameter study to optimize a plant that should serve 5 hydrogen fuel cell buses with a daily hydrogen demand of 90 kg overall with photovoltaics (PV) as renewable energy source. Furthermore, the influence of the parameters PV system size, electrolyser capacity and hydrogen storage size on the hydrogen production costs and other key indicators is investigated. The plant primarily uses the PV produced energy but can also use grid energy for production.The results show that the most cost-efficient design primarily depends on the grid electricity price that is available to supplement the PV system if necessary. Higher grid electricity prices make it economically sensible to invest into higher hydrogen production and storage capacity. For a grid electricity price of 200 €/MWh the most cost-efficient design was found to be a plant with a 2000 kWp PV system, an electrolyser with 360 kW capacity and a hydrogen storage of 575 kg.