The non-precious metal ORR catalysts for the anion exchange membrane fuel cells application: A numerical simulation and experimental study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Fuel Cell System and Engineering Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Rd, Tianjin, 300350, China;2. Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK;1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Rd, Tianjin 300072, China;2. Sunrise Power Co., Ltd., 907 Huangpu Rd., Hi-Tech Zone, Dalian 116085, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China;2. China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., 68 Pioneer East Road, Tianjin 300300, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Rd, Tianjin, 300072, China;2. China Automotive Technology & Research Center, Tianjin, 300300, China;1. Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;2. Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;3. Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;1. TU Braunschweig, Institute of Energy and Process Systems Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Str. 35, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;2. The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering and the Nancy & Stephan Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel |
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| Abstract: | Alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) are attracting more and more attention due to the advantages of using non-platinum-group (NPG) metal catalysts and less expensive metal hardware at the high pH conditions. However, the studies of electrodes with the non-precious metal are still less and the performance of the AEMFC operated with the NPG metal catalysts need to improve. In this work, based on AEMFCs operated with the commercial non-precious metal ORR catalysts (Acta 4020), a two dimensional, two-phase flow and steady-state agglomerates model is developed, and the effects of operational conditions of the relative humidity and the structure of the catalyst layer on fuel cell performance are numerically studied and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the relative humidity directly impacts the water distribution and transport in the MEA, and the low relative humidity in the cathode can increase the water back diffusion from the anode to the cathode and improve the fuel cell performance. An increase in the catalyst loading has been found to have a positive effects on the fuel cell performance, but the improvement is limited when the catalyst loading increases to a certain value. In addition, the increase in the mass ratio of catalyst to ionomer results in a decrease in the thickness of the ionomer film, but the excessive mass ratio of the catalyst to the ionomer also leads to a decrease in ionic conductivity, thereby deteriorating the performance of fuel cell. At last, operating with the optimized conditions from the model, the AEMFC realized a good fuel cell performance, and the peak power density reached 566 mW cm?2 and 326 mW cm?2 for H2/O2 and H2/Air (CO2-free) at 60 °C, respectively, and the results are higher than those reported in references. |
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| Keywords: | Anion exchange membrane fuel cells Agglomerate models Non-precious metal ORR catalysts Water transport |
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