稠油地面蒸汽管线热力参数影响及保温厚度优化

提高蒸汽注汽品质和优化保温层厚度是改善地面蒸汽管线热力输运、实现稠油高效开采的关键。建立了油田地面蒸汽管线热力参数计算模型和保温层厚度经济性分析模型，基于分段微元方法求解沿程蒸汽干度、热损等特性参数，分析了锅炉出口蒸汽参数和注汽流量的影响规律，并结合经济厚度法的计算原理优化了保温层厚度。结果表明：提高锅炉出口蒸汽温度和压力，沿程蒸汽干度降低速度变快，沿程热损增加变快，与锅炉出口蒸汽温度313 oC，压力10.2 MPa相比，其热损最大增加11.15%；增加注汽流量，蒸汽干度提升且随管线沿程降幅缩小，等梯度注汽流量差下，高注汽流量时蒸汽干度降幅较小，其降幅为3.58%；经济厚度为0.33m时，其热损费用同比原有厚度可降低68.22%。

Influence of surface steam pipelines of heavy oil thermal parameters and optimization of insulation thickness

Improving the quality of steam injection and optimizing the thickness of thermal insulation layer are the keys to improve the thermal transportation of surface steam pipelines and realize the high-efficiency exploitation of heavy oil. In this work, the calculation model of thermal parameters and the economic analysis model of insulation layer thickness are established, and the characteristic parameters of the steam dryness and heat loss along the way were solved based on the subsection micro element method, as well as the impact of parameters of the steam at the outlet of the boiler and the steam injection flow is analyzed, and the thickness of the insulating layer is optimized by combining the calculation principle of the economic thickness method. The results show that the increase in steam temperature and pressure at the outlet of the boiler will cause the steam quality to drop faster, and the heat loss along the way will be faster. Compared with the boiler outlet steam temperature of 313 oC and the pressure of 10.2 MPa, the heat loss increases by a maximum of 11.15%. Increasing the steam injection flow rate, the dryness of the steam is increase and the degree of reduction is decrease along the pipeline. Under the equal gradient steam injection flow difference, the steam dryness decreased by 3.58% at high steam injection flow. When the economic thickness is 0.33m, the heat loss cost can be reduced by 68.22% compared with the original thickness.