开发度--评价水资源可持续开发的新模型

从可持续发展的观点出发，对水资源可持续开发的内涵进行了定义；从保证生态环境稳定的角度，对开发度进行了界定，并确定了保证河流系统生态环境稳定的生态需水模型，从而建立了河流系统水资源开发度模型；用开发度模型对海滦河流域开发的情况进行评价，结果表明海滦河流域的实际开发利用量大量占用了河流系统的生态用水，超过其开发度，影响了河流系统生态环境稳定和流域水循环可再生性的维持，使海滦河流域生态环境恶化。

Development Threshold--New Evaluation Model of Sustainable Development of Water Resources

By the use of development threshold, the sustainable development of water resources of basin is evaluated. Firstly, from the point of view of the sustainable development, the concept of sustainable development of water resources is defined. Then, according to the definition, the concept of development threshold is defined from the angle of ensuring the stability of environment and ecology, at the same time, the model of the ecological water demand is determined for ensuring the stability of the eco-environment of the river system. Thus, the model of development threshold of water resources of the river system is established. Lastly, by the use of the model, the present development condition of Hai-Luanhe Basins is evaluated. The results of the evaluation are that the quantity of practical development and utilization of Hai-luanhe Basins occupies that of the ecological water demand much more and is beyond the development threshold. Then the stability of environment and ecology of river system and the sustainability of water recycle of basins are effected, and the eco-environment of Hai-luanhe Basins is worse. So the development of Hai-luanhe Basins is unsustainable.