变化环境下浑河流域近50年来径流变化特征研究

浑河是辽河重要支流,研究其径流变化特征,对做好区域水资源相关工作具有重要的参考意义。基于浑河流域上游大伙房水库站、中游沈阳站和下游邢家窝棚站的1962~2011年逐月实测径流资料,借助累积滤波器法、Mann-Kendall法、小波分析法、集中度和集中期等方法和指标研究了变化环境下浑河流域径流的年际、年内变化特征。结果表明,浑河流域径流存在阶段性特征,其中1962~1984年径流偏枯,1985~2011年径流偏丰;各站年径流变化主周期均为11年,第二周期均为5年,第三周期存在微小差别;径流年内集中度逐渐减小,各月分配的径流量趋于均匀;浑河流域各站年、非汛期径流量分别呈减少、增加变化,总体上,汛期各月径流量呈减少变化,非汛期各月径流多呈增加变化,这些变化有助于发展流域社会经济和保护河流生态系统的健康。

Study on Change Characteristics of Runoff at Hunhe River Basin in Recent 50 Years under Changing Environment

Hunhe River is a major branch of the Liaohe River, studying on the change characteristics of runoff at Hunhe River Basin has important reference for management of regional water-related work. Based on the measured monthly runoff data of Dahuofang Reservoir Station, Shenyang Station and Xingjiawopeng Station from 1962 to 2011 which is successively located in the upstream, midstream and downstream of the Hunhe River Basin, the characteristics of inter-annual runoff variability and intra-annual runoff distribution under a changing environment were analyzed by using cumulative filter, Mann-Kendall test method, wavelet analysis method, concentration degree and concentration period. The results show that the change processes of runoff appear the periodic characteristics, the runoff from 1962 to 1984 is less than the normal and the runoff from 1985 to 2011 is more than the normal. The first characteristic time scales of the annual runoff is 11 a, the second characteristic time scales of the annual runoff is 5 a, and the third characteristic time scales is a slight difference among these Hydrological Stations. The concentration degree of runoff decreases gradually, and the runoff of each month tends to be uniform. Annual runoff has a decreasing trend, and non-flood season runoff has an increasing trend among Hydrological Stations; on the whole, the monthly runoff from flood season has a decreasing trend and the monthly runoff from non-flood season mostly has an increasing trend; these changes contribute to develop the social economy and to protect the health of river ecosystem.