地下水生态系统服务价值评估

地下水作为人类生产生活中可直接利用的自然资源,是维持自然界生态系统平衡的重要支撑,但人们往往只重视其使用价值,而忽略了其生态价值,造成地下水不合理利用,引发了一系列生态环境问题,因此对地下水生态系统服务进行系统性价值评估显得尤为重要。按利用地下水方式,将地下水生态系统分为三大类、服务类型分为四大类,并以此为基础,对赋存于地下水中的生态系统建立由10项服务指标、9种评估模型构成的价值评估体系。最后以邯郸市为例,2015年为基准年,对其涉及到的7项服务指标进行了价值评估。结果表明,2015年邯郸市赋存于地下水中的生态系统服务总价值合计为105.18亿元,直接使用价值为38.49亿元,间接使用价值为66.69亿元,间接使用价值是直接使用价值的1.73倍。研究认为地下水生态系统服务间接使用价值巨大,应在全面认识地下水价值的基础上,合理开发利用地下水资源,使其服务价值最大化。研究成果可为地下水生态系统服务价值评估提供参考。

Value Assessment of Groundwater Ecosystem Services

Groundwater is not only an important supporter of the balance of natural ecosystems, but also natural resources that can be used directly in human production and life. People often only pay attention to the use of groundwater value, while ignoring its ecological value, resulting in irrational use of groundwater, triggering a series of ecological and environmental problems. So, it is particularly important to classify the groundwater ecosystem and systematically evaluate its service value. According to the way of using groundwater, this paper divides groundwater ecosystem services into three categories, and the service types are divided into four categories. Based on this, the evaluation system of groundwater ecosystem services value is constructed with 10 kinds of service indexes and 9 kinds of evaluation models. Finally, taking Handan City as an example and taking 2015 as the base year, the value of the 7 service indexes involved is evaluated. The results show that the total value of ecosystem services in groundwater amounted to 10.518 billion RMB Yuan in the year of 2015 in Handan, where the direct use value accounted for 3.849 billion RMB Yuan, and the indirect use value is 6.669 billion RMB Yuan. The indirect use value is 1.73 times higher than the direct use value. It is considered that the indirect use value of ecosystem services in groundwater is enormous, and the groundwater resources should be rationally exploited and utilized on the basis of comprehensive understanding of the value of groundwater so as to maximize its service value. The research results can provide reference for the evaluation of groundwater ecosystem service value.