红石岩堰塞坝应急处置与整治利用关键技术

牛栏江红石岩堰塞湖为2014年中国云南省鲁甸县“8·03”地震时形成的大型堰塞湖。基于堰塞坝的独特性,在应急抢险完成后,创新性提出“减灾兴利、整治利用”的综合治理理念,将红石岩堰塞湖改造成集防洪、供水、灌溉、发电等功能的大型综合水利枢纽,为世界首座堰塞坝“应急抢险—后续处置—整治利用”一体化水利枢纽工程。本文系统介绍了红石岩堰塞坝形成后应急抢险及后期整治利用的情况,工程已于2019年下闸蓄水,经历了高水位的考验,安全运行。通过本工程实践总结了乏信息条件下应急处置技术及整治利用方案、750m强震碎裂高陡边坡整治关键技术、130m级不连续宽级配堰塞坝综合整治关键技术,可为类似堰塞湖应急抢险及开发利用提供参考。

Key Technology of Emergency Remedy and Treatment for Hongshiyan Barriers Lake Dam

The Hongshiyan Landslide Dammed Lake on Niulan River is a large-sized one caused by the Ludian 8·03 earthquake in 2014.Based on the uniqueness of Hongshiyan dammed lake,after the completion of the emergency rescue,the treatment concept of“Eliminating Hazard,Utilizing Resources and Turning Waste into Treasure”was innovatively proposed and this dammed lake was then rebuilt into a large-integrated Water Conservancy Complex with the multiple-function of flood control,water supply,irrigation,and power generation.The project is the first one in the world to be developed and utilized immediately after the formation of the barrier dam.This paper systematically introduces the formation of the Hongshiyan landslide dam and the emergency rescue as well as the remediation in the later period.The reservoir has been impounded in 2019,the landslide dam has already retained of the high water level wih safe operation.Through the practice of the project,this paper summaries the key technologies such as emergency treatment technology and remediation plan under the lack of information conditions,the comprehensive treatment of 750m-in-height slope caused by intense earthquake and comprehensive treatment of 130m-grade landslide dam composed of materials with discontinuous wide gradation,which can provide reference for the emergency rescue,development and utilization of similar landslide-dammed lakes.