新型复合柴油微乳液的制备及应用研究

采用超声波分散法,制备新型复合(甲醇-柴油乳化剂-柴油-水)体系柴油微乳液,并与0号柴油性能进行对比。试验结果表明,随着柴油乳化剂用量的增加,体系的最大增溶水量也增加;超声频率及超声时间对柴油微乳液的稳定时间有较大影响,从节约时间及成本的角度来看,超声频率选为28kHz、超声时间选为30min,即可达到较好的稳定性;随着水含量及柴油乳化剂含量的增加,体系的运动黏度增加;水含量的增加导致体系的燃烧值降低,而随着柴油乳化剂的增加,体系的燃烧值升高,当水含量为17%、柴油乳化剂含量为22%时,体系的燃烧值与0号柴油相当。应用结果表明,甲醇含量越高,尾气中CO和碳氢化合物含量就越高,因此需要严格控制配方中的甲醇含量。与0号柴油相比,柴油微乳液氮氧化合物的排放量较高,可以通过降低有机胺类物质的用量,达到降低碳氧化合物的目的。

Preparation and Application of New Composite Diesel Fuel Microemulsion

Using the ultrasonic dispersion method,researchers prepared a new type of composite （methanol-diesel fuel emulsifier-diesel fuel-water） system of diesel fuel microemulsion and compared it with 0-octane diesel fuel to evaluate its properties.Experimental results show that with the increase in the use of diesel fuel emul- sifier,the maximum water content of the system also increases.Ultrasonic frequency and duration have a signif- icant influence on the settling time of diesel fuel microemulsion.From a time and cost saving perspective,set- ting the ultrasonic frequency at 28kHz and the ultrasonic duration at 30 minutes can achieve good stability. As the contents of water and diesel fuel emulsifier increase ,the kinematic viscosity of the system increases. The increase in water content will result in a drop in the combustion value of the system ,while with the in- crease in the use of diesel fuel emulsifier,the combustion value of the system will rise.When the water con- tent is 17% and the content of diesel fuel emulsifier stands at 22% ,the combustion value of the system is equivalent to that of 0-oetaine diesel fuel.Application results show that the higher the methanol content is, the higher the contents of CO and hydrocarbons in the tail gas are.For this reason,the content of methanol in the formula should be controlled strictly.Compared with 0-octane diesel fuel,the emissions of oxynitrides of diesel fuel mieroemulsion are higher.Carbon oxides can be reduced by reducing the use of organic amine substance.