双金属Ni-Co基析氧反应电催化剂研究进展

  目的  能源消耗的持续增长和化石燃料燃烧带来的环保和能源安全问题已经引起世界各国的广泛关注。因此，发展清洁能源生产技术已成为世界范围内的主要研究重点。氢能具有无污染、比能密度高、资源丰富等特点，是最具潜力的传统化石燃料替代品之一。电催化分解水被认为是最有希望的制氢方法，但阳极上的析氧反应动力学缓慢，能量转换效率低，是大规模制氢的主要瓶颈。与稀有和昂贵的贵金属催化剂相比，镍-钴（Ni-Co）基电催化剂由于具有可调的电子结构、高导电性和低成本优势，有望在碱性溶液中实现卓越的OER活性和耐久性。  方法  文章总结并讨论了在OER中Ni-Co基电催化剂的最新研究发展。重点讨论了Ni-Co基电催化剂的设计和合成，以及在OER过程中提高其电催化性能的研究策略。  结果  为了代替钌、铱等贵金属催化剂，研究者们对Ni-Co基非贵金属催化剂进行了大量研究。包括氧化物、氢氧化物、合金、氮化物、硫化物、磷化物等在内的多种Ni-Co基催化剂通过化学结构的调控，从阳极角度提高了电催化制氢的活性。但这些催化剂又分别面临不同的缺陷，有待进一步研究克服。  结论  开发具有高OER活性的非贵金属催化剂是降低电解水制氢成本，促进氢能产业发展的重要途径。虽然仍有一些技术问题尚未解决限制了Ni-Co基催化剂替代贵金属催化剂，但作为重要的贵金属催化剂替代品，Ni-Co基催化剂的研究为新型催化剂的开发提供了重要选择。

Research Progress of Bimetallic NiCo-Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

  Introduction  The persistently increasing energy consumption and the environmental protection and energy security issues brought about by the burning of fossil fuels have raised widespread concerns all over the world. Thus, the development of technology for clean-energy production has become the major research priority worldwide. Hydrogen energy with zero pollution, high specific energy density, and abundant resources is one of the most promising alternatives to traditional fossil fuels. Electrocatalytic water splitting is considered as the most promising method for hydrogen production. However, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode side has sluggish kinetics and low energy conversion efficiency, which is the major bottleneck for large-scale hydrogen production.   Method  The latest development of NiCo-based electrocatalysts for OER was summarized and discussed, especially the design and synthesis of NiCo-based electrocatalysts and the research strategies for improving their electrocatalytic performance in the OER process.   Result  In order to replace the noble-metal catalysts such as ruthenium and iridium, researchers have carried out a lot of research on NiCo-based non-noble metal catalysts. By regulating the chemical structure of a variety of NiCo-based-catalysts, including oxides, hydroxides, alloys, nitrides, sulfides, and phosphides, the activity of electrocatalytic hydrogen production is improved from the anode perspective. However, these catalysts have different defects, which need to be overcome by further research.   Conclusion  The development of non-noble metal catalysts with high OER activity is an important way to reduce the cost of hydrogen production from water electrolysis and promote the development of hydrogen energy industry. Although there are still some unsolved technical problems that limit the substitution of NiCo-based catalysts for noble metal catalysts, the research of NiCo-based catalysts, as an important substitute for noble metal catalysts, provides an important choice for the development of new catalysts.