Market,welfare and land-use implications of lignocellulosic bioethanol in Hawai'i |
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| Affiliation: | 1. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria;2. University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, USA;3. University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization, USA;4. University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, USA;1. School of Statistics, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian 116025, China;2. MOE Key Laboratory of Western China''s Environmental Systems, Research School of Arid Environment and Climate Change, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;3. School of Mathematics & Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;1. Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan;2. Faculty of International Resource Sciences, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuencho, Akita 010-8502, Japan;3. North Japan Research Institute for Sustainable Energy, Hirosaki University, 2-1-3 Matsubara, Aomori 030-0813, Japan;1. University of Belgrade, Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‘‘Vinca’’, Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia;2. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Innovation Centre, Kraljice Marije 16, 11120 Belgrade 35, Serbia;3. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kraljice Marije 16, 11120 Belgrade 35, Serbia;1. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan;2. Environment and Energy Research Center, Nitto Denko Corporation, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;1. Sustainable Energy Technologies Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA;2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey;3. Electrical Distribution Design, Inc., Blacksburg, VA, USA;4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA;5. Pepco Holdings, Inc., Washington, D.C., USA |
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| Abstract: | This article examines land-use, market and welfare implications of lignocellulosic bioethanol production in Hawai'i to satisfy 10% and 20% of the State's gasoline demand in line with the State's ethanol blending mandate and Alternative Fuels Standard (AFS). A static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is used to evaluate four alternative support mechanisms for bioethanol. Namely: i) a federal blending tax credit, ii) a long-term purchase contract, iii) a state production subsidy financed by a lump-sum tax and iv) a state production subsidy financed by an ad valorem gasoline tax. We find that because Hawaii-produced bioethanol is relatively costly, all scenarios are welfare reducing for Hawaii residents: estimated between ?0.14% and ?0.32%. Unsurprisingly, Hawaii's economy and its residents fair best under the federal blending tax credit scenario, with a positive impact to gross state product of $49 million. Otherwise, impacts to gross state product are negative (up to ?$63 million). We additionally find that Hawaii-based bioethanol is not likely to offer substantial greenhouse gas emissions savings in comparison to imported biofuel, and as such the policy cost per tonne of emissions displaced ranges between $130 and $2100/tonne of CO2e. The policies serve to increase the value of agricultural lands, where we estimate that the value of pasture land could as well. |
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| Keywords: | Computable general equilibrium modeling Lignocellulosic bioethanol Land use impact Welfare impact Greenhouse gas emissions |
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